BIPOLAR DISORDER SYMPTOMS |
|
|
The source of bipolar disorder has not
been clearly defined. Because two-thirds of bipolar patients have a
family history of affective or emotional disorders, researchers have
searched for a genetic link to the disorder. Several studies have
uncovered a number of possible genetic connections to the
predisposition for bipolar disorder. Another possible biological
cause under investigation is the presence of an excessive calcium
build-up in the cells of bipolar patients. Also, dopamine and other
neurochemical transmitters appear to be implicated in bipolar
disorder and these are under intense investigation.
Over half of patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder have a history
of substance abuse. There is a high rate of association between
cocaine abuse and bipolar disorder. Some studies have shown up to
30% of abusers meeting the criteria for bipolar disorder. The
emotional and physical highs and lows of cocaine use correspond to
the manic depression of the bipolar patient, making the disorder
difficult to diagnosis.
For some bipolar patients, manic and depressive episodes coincide
with seasonal changes. Depressive episodes are typical during winter
and fall, and manic episodes are more probable in the spring and
summer months.
Symptoms of bipolar depressive episodes include low energy levels,
feelings of despair, difficulty concentrating, extreme fatigue, and
psychomotor retardation (slowed mental and physical capabilities).
Manic episodes are characterized by feelings of euphoria, lack of
inhibitions, racing thoughts, diminished need for sleep,
talkativeness, risk taking, and irritability. In extreme cases,
mania can induce hallucinations and other psychotic symptoms such as
grandiose illusions. |
|
|
| BIPOLAR DISORDER RELATED ITEMS |
|
|
|
|
