BREAST CANCER
DIAGNOSIS |
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Diagnosis is made on the basis of a detailed
history and examination followed by a specialised x-ray of the
breast known as a mammogram and a sample of the affected breast
tissue/lump.This
may be obtained by either of the following methods:
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Fine needle aspiration. A sample of breast fluid is taken, from
which it is possible to distinguish a cystic from a solid lump.
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Needle biopsy. A needle is directed into the lump in the breast
under X-ray guidance and a piece of tissue is removed for
examination. |
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Surgical biopsy. The lump is surgically removed.
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All tissue samples
are sent to the laboratory for analysis. The hormonal status of the
cancer (oestrogen receptor status) is also determined. This shows
how sensitive the cancer is to the hormone oestrogen.
Further
investigations may include blood tests and x-rays, which help to
determine the extent of the disease.
It is important to
note that a mammogram does have limitations in that it does not
detect all cancers. Mammograms are technically difficult to read in
women under the age of 40. |
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| BREAST CANCER RELATED ITEMS |
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