BRONCHIECTASIS
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The bronchial tubes are the networks of
branching tubes which deliver air to the tiny sacs of the lungs
(alveoli). In bronchiectasis, the diameter of the bronchi is
unusually large. Examination of the walls of the bronchial tubes
reveals destruction of the normal structural elements, with
replacement by scar tissue. Pus collects within the bronchi, and the
normal flow of oxygen into the lungs, and carbon dioxide out of the
lungs (air exchange) is impaired. The bronchi show signs of
inflammation, with swelling and invasion by a variety of immune
cells. The inflamed areas show signs of increased growth of blood
vessels. The area of the lung which should be served by a diseased
bronchial tube is also prone to inflammation and infection. |
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