CYSTITIS CAUSES |
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Cystitis is caused when bacteria that normally reside in the bowel
are transferred to the urinary tract. This can occur via the
bloodstream or more commonly via the urethra (transurethral).
In women, there is a risk that transurethral transfer of bacteria to
the lower vagina will not only cause inflammation in the lower
urinary tract but will spread via the urethra to the bladder.
Whether or not bladder infection occurs depends on the type of
bacteria, the number of bacteria and the response of the
individual's defence system. Under normal conditions bacteria that
are in the bladder are cleared quickly due to the flushing effect
and normal antibacterial properties of urine.
Predisposing factors to
cystitis include:
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Female
sex. Because the female urethra is relatively short and close to
the anus, the transfer of bacteria between these areas and also
to the bladder is easier. |
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Sexual
intercourse can cause the introduction of bacteria to the
bladder via the urethra |
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Urinary
catheterisation. This involves passing a tube through the
urethra into the bladder to facilitate the passage of urine.
There is a risk that bacteria may be introduced into the bladder
during this procedure. |
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Pregnancy. UTIs occur in up to 5% of pregnant women. |
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Bladder
dysfunction due to a number of different medical conditions,
including Diabetes Mellitus and Multiple Sclerosis, may cause
the urine to remain in the bladder longer than is usual,
allowing bacteria to multiply and cause infection. |
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Certain
contraceptives. Use of a diaphragm and spermicidal jelly for
contraception can increase your chances of developing cystitis
as they facilitate colonisation of the lower vagina with
bacteria. |
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| CYSTITIS RELATED ITEMS |
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