EYELID DISORDERS
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Eyelids consist of thin folds of skin,
muscle, and connective tissue. The eyelids protect the eyes and
spread tears over the front of the eyes. The inside of the eyelids
are lined with the conjunctiva of the eyelid (the palpebral
conjunctiva), and the outside of the lids are covered with the
body's thinnest skin. Some common lid problems include the following:
stye, blepharitis, chalazion, entropion, ectropion, eyelid edema,
and eyelid tumors.
Stye
A stye is an infection of one of the three types of eyelid glands
near the lid margins, at the base of the lashes.
Chalazion
A chalazion is an enlargement of a meibomian gland (an oil-producing
gland in the eyelid), usually not associated with an infectious
agent. More likely, the gland opening is clogged. Initially, a
chalazion may resemble a stye, but it usually grows larger. A
chalazion may also be located in the middle of the lid and be
internal.
Blepharitis
Blepharitis is the inflammation of the eyelid margins, often with
scales and crust. It can lead to eyelash loss, chalazia, styes,
ectropion, corneal damage, excessive tearing, and chronic
conjunctivitis.
Entropion
Entropion is a condition where the eyelid margin (usually the lower
one) is turned inward; the eyelashes touch the eye and irritate the
cornea.
Ectropion
Ectropion is a condition where one or both eyelid margins turn
outward, exposing both the conjunctiva that covers the eye and the
conjunctiva that lines the eyelid.
Eyelid edema
Eyelid edema is a condition where the eyelids contain excessive
fluid.
Eyelid tumors
Eyelids are susceptible to the same skin tumors as the skin over the
rest of the body, including noncancerous tumors and cancerous tumors
(basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma,
and sebaceous gland carcinoma). Eyelid muscles are susceptible to
sarcoma. |
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