GENITAL HERPES DIAGNOSIS |
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Because genital herpes is so common, it
is diagnosed primarily by symptoms. It can be diagnosed and treated
by the family doctor, dermatologists (doctors who specialize in skin
diseases), urologists (doctors who specialize in the urinary tract
diseases of men and women and the genital organs of men),
gynecologists (doctors who specialize in the diseases of women's
genital organs) and infectious disease specialists. The diagnosis
and treatment of this infectious disease should be covered by most
insurance providers.
Laboratory tests may be performed to look for the virus. Because
healing sores do not shed much virus, a sample from an open sore
would be taken for viral culture. A sterile cotton swab would be
wiped over open sores and the sample used to infect human cells in
culture. Cells which are killed by herpes virus have a certain
appearance under microscopic examination. The results of this test
are available within two to ten days. Other areas which may be
sampled, depending upon the disease symptoms in a particular
patient, include the urinary tract, vagina, cervix, throat, eye
tissues, and cerebrospinal fluid.
Direct staining and microscopic examination of the lesion sample may
also be used. A blood test may be performed to see if the patient
has antibodies to herpes virus. The results of blood testing are
available within one day. The disadvantage of this blood test is
that it usually does not distinguish between herpes type 1 and 2,
and only determines that the patient has had a herpes infection at
some point in his or her life. Therefore, the viral culture test
must be performed to be absolutely certain that the sores are caused
by herpes virus.
Because genital sores can be symptoms of many other diseases, the
doctor must determine the exact cause of the sores. The above
mentioned tests are performed to determine that herpes virus is
causing the genital sores. Other diseases which may cause genital
sores are syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum, granuloma
inguinale, herpes zoster, erythema multiform, Behçet's syndrome,
inflammatory bowel disease, contact dermatitis, candidiasis, and
impetigo.
Because most newborns who are infected with herpes virus were born
to mothers who had no symptoms of infection it is important to check
all newborn babies for symptoms. Any skin sore should be sampled to
determine if it is caused by herpes simplex. Babies should be
checked for sores in their mouth and for signs of herpes infection
in their eyes. |
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